Thursday, August 5, 2010

Japan #1 – Japan Culture Shock + Okonomiyaki

My holiday in Japan was awesome but it’s good to be back home. It’s so nice to be able to sleep in a normal bed with a real pillow, I like using toilets which do not confuse me and I miss eating lots of fresh fruit and vegetables, and simple hearty home cooked meals. I am also over eating raw fish, we ate a lot of sashimi in Japan and some of it was amazing but some was not so great…by the end of our trip we were avoiding raw fish options and looking for cooked foods…

When you travel to another country you always experience culture shock.

•    The transport system of trains and subways in Japan is both awesome and insane! It’s awesome in that it can get you anywhere and is really efficient, and if you miss a train you can expect another one to come in a few minutes. It’s insane in that if you are a novice to it all, it can be quite confusing! All maps of subway routes and railway lines look like a double rainbow spider web. There are many different companies that operate the trains and subways. You have to figure out what line to catch and then which company runs the line and make sure you get the right ticket. Then you have to determine if you want the ‘rapid’ or ‘local’ line and be sure that the train will actually stop at your stop. Sometimes you might catch a train and then transfer to a subway and then transfer to another train! As an American traveller we met at our hostel in Kyoto put it to us - “the Tokyo transport system is brutal”.

•    Throngs of people…everywhere. Coming from Perth it was quite overwhelming - 2.25 million versus 128 million! Perth is small and when you are out and about, you are always scanning the crowds of people you pass because most of the time you are bound to bump into someone you know…this becomes an automatic brain activity…your brain is constantly scanning crowds for familiar faces…even when you are in Japan! As we travelled around and passed hundreds of thousands of people everyday we had to keep our head down to the ground and stop looking at people to keep our brains from working in overdrive trying to scan crowds for familiar faces!

•    Japan is quite a monolithic culture. It made me realise that Australia really is a multicultural society in that when I am out and about I see people from all different cultures/races but in Japan almost everyone in Japanese, there are very few foreigners (or "gaijins" to the Japanese). The lack of gaijins was notable in Osaka and Nagoya but when we got to the more touristy areas like Kyoto and Tokyo we noticed a lot more gaijins. This made us feel less special because for a while we thought we were the only gaijins.

•    Japanese toilets are on another level. Some toilet seats would begin to warm up when you sat on them, some automatically flush on you, some produced sounds of flushing water while you are doing your business (this is supposed to smother the sounds of your business time), sometimes I had trouble working out how to flush the toilet, some had special functions which I was too freaked out to use – no I do not really want to squirt water up my arse.

•    There is no eating while walking. When you travel, all you do is walk around heaps and eat heaps so doing both at the same time is purely practical but the Japanese look down on this type of behaviour. But when you are a tourist, you don’t really give a shit…did we eat while we walked? Shit yeah! Onigiri from 7 elevens where lifesavers, a great rice ball snack to eat on the run.
 Check this video for how to eat onigiri – unwrapping this thing was tricky!

•    There are no bins around Japan. For a country that prides itself on being very clean – there is nowhere to put your rubbish, you have to carry it around with you...maybe this is how they discourage people from eating while walking (!)

•    The Japanese overpackage everything! If you buy a piece of cake from a bakery you can expect it to be placed in a box, then put in a paper bag and then put into a plastic bag…I think this may be another way that the Japanese discourage people from eating while walking (?)

•    There are always two lanes formed when riding an escalator, people who choose to just stand stay to one side to provide a clear lane for others (who may be in a hurry) to walk pass. Worldwide, people respect such escalator etiquette because you do not want to be in the way of someone who is trying to rush up an escalator. When you travel around to different parts of Japan - the standing side changes. In the Kanto area (where Tokyo is located), everyone stands to the left and walkers pass on the right. In the Kansai area (where Osaka is located), everyone stands to the right and walkers pass to the left. Way to be confusing Japan!

•    Riding bikes without wearing helmets. Coming from a country where the wearing of bike helmets is mandatory, it is always surprising to be in a country where people ride around without a helmet and everything appears to be in harmony. It makes you wonder what the big deal over bike helmets is…but what about the children?…have you thought about the children?...well in Japan there are none, I mean there are fewer children (ie: Japan has a declining birth rate).

DAY ONE IN JAPAN

We flew into Osaka from Cairns and the in-flight movie was Valentines Day (they say that if you can’t say something nice, don't say nothing at all…so I have no comment about this movie). We successfully navigated our way through the transport system and made it to the guesthouse we were staying at and settled in. The first thing on our agenda was to eat some food. Thankfully in Japan there are restaurants which are open at all hours, it’s easy to get some dinner late at night.

We went to a restaurant that specialised in one of the dishes Osaka is famous for - a Japanese savoury pancake called Okonomiyaki.
 
When we sat down and tried to order we experienced what would be a recurring problem throughout our trip. I was travelling with my friends Karen and Crispin who were to the Japanese ‘gaijin’ aka Westerners/Foreigners. I also consider myself to be a gaijin but I am an ABC aka an Australian Born Chinese, so people would often mistake me for being Japanese. Whenever we were at a restaurant, the staff would automatically start talking to me thinking that I was Japanese and I would express that I didn’t speak any Japanese. We would then try to attempt to order in broken English, with lots of pointing to pictures and hand gesturing, consulting the lonely planet Japanese phrasebook for words to recite (but beware a slight mispronunciation can result in a completely different meaning) …as you can imagine…we were completely lost in translation…and the staff would just look at me desperately as if to say “hey sista, help me out here”…but sorry, I am not Japanese.

Okonomiyaki is made up of a batter consisting of flour, grated yam, water or dashi, eggs and shredded cabbage, and you can add in any other ingredients you want such as meat (pork or beef), various seafoods (like octopus, squid, shrimp), vegetables, kimchi, mochi or cheese. The name is derived from the word okonomi, meaning "what you like" or "what you want", and yaki meaning "grilled" or "cooked". So okonomiyaki literally means “grilled as you like it” and this makes sense as you can basically put anything you like into it. The batter and other ingredients are fried on both sides and the cooked okonomiyaki is topped with Japanese mayonnaise, an otafuku/okonomiyaki sauce (similar to Worcestershire sauce but thicker and sweeter), katsuobushi (bonito flakes), aonori (seaweed flakes) and pickled ginger (beni shoga).

The okonomiyaki restaurant we went to had tables fitted with a special hotplate so that you could mix and grill the ingredients for the okonomiyaki yourself, but we have never cooked okonomiyaki before so we indicated to the waitress that she should cook it for us.

I was very hungry so I ordered a mondanyaki which is okonomiyaki that contains a layer of fried noodles and ended up having the biggest pancake on the table

I really enjoyed eating okonomiyaki, I like concept of it and look forward to creating my own versions of it back in Perth. Okonomiyaki also makes me think of kebabs. It’s the perfect tasty, greasy and messy food that you would want to eat when you are drunk at 2am in the morning….well maybe not…but it’s delicious, the sauces and seasoning pack it full of flavour. When you are drunk you want to eat something that goes POW.

Our first meal in Japan - here’s how you make okonomiyaki.

You order the batter and ingredients, and it is brought to you in a bowl. Turn on the hotplate on the table so that it can heat up. Thoroughly mix up and combine the raw ingredients in the bowl.
Brush the surface of the hotplate with oil and pour the mixture of ingredients onto the hotplate. Shape into a circle.
Add some katsuobushi - dried bonito flakes on top of the pancake (the bonito flakes seem to come alive from the heat and dance on top of the pancake!). Allow the pancake to grill until the bottom has browned and set, and you can lift one edge with a spatula without it falling apart. Then use the spatula to flip it onto the other side and flatten the pancake and push it into shape.
I consumed the biggest Japanese savoury pancake (the one on the bottom-middle) on the table and it was a little hard to flip over.

Once the pancake has cooked though - add mayonnaise sauce and a generous amount of otafuku/okonomiyaki sauce, and sprinkle some aonori (dried seaweed flakes) on top.
Eat immediately. Small metal spatulas are used to break off pieces of the okonomiyaki and because the okonomiyaki is left on the hotplate while you eat it, it keeps nice and hot!

Wednesday, June 30, 2010

Japan and airplane food

This is my last post for a month because in July I will be on holiday in Japan traveling all over the place - Osaka, Nagoya, Kyoto and Toyko! I have never been to Japan before so I can very excited and looking forward exploring this country, especially the food.


Some food related travels marked down in Japan include:
Shin-Yokohama Ramen Museum 
Kappabashi Market (famous for plastic food models and the place where chefs and restauranteurs go to shop - I hope to get some random kitchen gadgets)
Yokohama Chinatown (I want to check out the Chinatown in Japan and for once during the trip I will actually be able to converse with the locals in Chinese...I have not made much effort to learn Japanese although I expect a lot of people to come up to me and start talking to me in Japanese because I am Asian)
Daimaru Food Floor 
Nishiki Market 


I am also looking forward to airplane food. Airplane food doesn’t always taste great but it always makes me feel special with everything coming in little packages and getting minature sized products. It’s an experience and it means I am heading somewhere on a journey.
(Photo taken last year on the plane on my way to Melbourne)


Another holiday I have planned this year is a trip to Sydney in October when the Sydney International Food Festival is on. I have only really experienced about 24 hours of Sydney, I guess when Melbourne is next door the preference is to travel to Melbourne but this year I’m giving Sydney a chance to impress me and I will eat my way around town.


See you in August. I’ll blog about my Japan food endeavours then!

Tuesday, June 29, 2010

Blog Find #1 - Cake Wrecks

As a food blogger I am always on the look out for new food blogs to read. 


I think I have found the best or worse (?) cake blog ever!


It's called "Cake Wrecks" and houses a collection of baking disasters - some are quite bizarre, some look like a work of art (note: remember art is subjective), some are hilarious and some are downright wrong.


Here are a few interesting ones to check out -



Monday, June 28, 2010

Twisted strips made from excess dough cuttings

What can you do with excess dough cuttings?


Everytime I make pastry dough I always have excess dough.


I used the excess dough cuttings from a roasted vegetable quiche and made some twisted pastry strips.


I made a savoury pastry dough for the quiche and I wanted to make the dough sweet so instead of using flour, I dusted my work surface and the excess dough with icing sugar, and rolled out the dough to 2-3mm thick.  Each time I rolled the dough, I dusted more icing sugar on it so that I was rolling the icing sugar into the dough and making the pastry sweet. Then I cut the dough into thin rectangle strips, dusted the strips with more icing sugar and twisted the strips.
(I am right handed but I am using my left hand to twist the pastry strip so I can take photos with my right hand)
I dusted the twisted strips with a little more icing sugar and put them on a baking tray and placed them in the fridge for 30 minutes. (Allowing adequate time for resting and chilling is important for making pastry – when you make a pastry case the chilling time helps to prevent cracking and shrinkage. I’m not sure if the resting time was needed for the twisted pastry strips but I put them in the fridge as I could see the pastry strips softening as they were sitting on the kitchen counter and I was afraid that they would loose their shape, chilling the twisted strips for 30 minutes hardened the dough and I think this helped it to retain its twisted shape when baked in the oven)
I baked the twisted strips for 10 minutes, took them out of the oven and brushed them with a little melted butter and sprinkled caster sugar over the twists as well as a little cinnamon powder. I baked the twists for another 5 minutes.
Now I have tasty little TV snacks.







Roasted Vegetable Quiche

On Sundays sometimes my friends and I get together at someone’s house for a potluck dinner, conversations and DVDs. We call this event “Sunday Club”. 


Around 70% of my friends are vegetarian so contributions to the potluck dinner are always vegetarian friendly.  My contribution to Sunday Club last night was a roasted vegetable quiche, we also had some cheese and crackers to start the night, creamy mushroom and leek soup, and chocolate mousse for desert. After dinnertimes we watched a DVD of clips from "Everything is Terrible” and we watched the worst music clip ever - “Room Service”!


It was my first time making a quiche, I read a few recipes and it looked pretty simple – pasty case + vegetables + egg, milk and cheese mixture, then bake. I didn’t follow a specific recipe, except for the quiche pastry case where I used a recipe from Food Safari and doubled the quantity as I had a larger pastry case. For the egg, milk and cheese mixture I found that most recipes used around 4 eggs to 1 cup of milk to around 170g of grated cheese and I used this as a guide and made everything else up as I went.


My quiche turned out pretty good.


Pastry
250g cold butter, diced
2 eggs yolks
1 teaspoon salt
500g plain flour, sifted
rind from 1 lemon
2 tablespoons lemon juice
3-4 tablespoons chilled water


(For a 10inch/26cm, 1.5 inch/4cm pastry case)


For something to make with excess dough cuttings - twisted pastry strips.


Method
Place the flour, salt and butter in a food processor and process until the mixture resembles bread crumbs. Add the eggs, lemon rind, lemon juice, water (add the tablespoons of water in gradually until the mixture starts to cling together) and process until the mixture is combined and comes together. Turn the dough out onto a floured work surface and knead gently until smooth. Form into a disc, wrap in plastic and refrigerate for 2-3 hours.


Preheat the oven to 175C. Roll out the pastry to 5mm thick and line a pastry case. Refrigerate for 30 minutes. Prick the base of the pastry with a fork and line with baking paper, fill with pie weights and bake for 20 minutes, then remove the pie weights and baking paper and bake for another 20 minutes until the pastry is golden brown.


The pastry case for the quiche is done!


Quiche Filling
olive oil
red wine vinegar
1 carrot, chopped into chunks
2 small baby eggplants, chopped into chunks
2 red capsicums, cut into quarters
1 zucchini, chopped into chunks
6 mushrooms, sliced
2 shallots, diced
3 cloves garlic, crushed
• 1 teaspoon paprika
 1 teaspoon cayenne pepper
1 tablespoon fresh thyme
4 eggs
1 cup cream
1-2 teaspoons Dijon mustard
nutmeg
salt and pepper
~ 150g grated cheddar cheese


Method
Cut the capsicum into quarters and remove the seeds. Put the capsicum skins on a baking tray and roast for 20 minutes until the skin starts to brown. Remove from the oven, peel off the skin and chop the capsicum into chunks. 


Put the chopped carrot, eggplant and zucchini into a bowl – drizzle over some olive oil, add a dash of red wine vinegar, and season with salt and pepper. Roast veges on a baking tray for 15 minutes. Put all the roasted vegetables into a bowl.
Melt butter in a frying pan, add shallots and fry for few minutes until the shallots have soften, then add in garlic and mushrooms and cook for 8 minutes. Then add in 1 teaspoon paprika, 1 teaspoon cayenne pepper, pinch of salt and pepper, thyme and cook for another 2-3 minutes. Remove pan from heat and set aside.
In a bowl add the eggs, mustard, pinch of salt and pepper, and a grating of nutmeg. Whisk to combine, then add in the cream and whisk until well combined and smooth. Stir in grated cheese.
Prepare quiche – 
Spoon some egg/cheese mixture on the bottom of the quiche pastry case.
Spoon roasted vegetables on top.
Add the sauteed mushrooms on top of roasted vegetables.
Pour remaining egg/cheese mixture on top.
Bake in oven at around 175C for about 40 minutes until set, when a knife inserted into the quiche comes out clean.

Tofu and Chinese Chive Buds Soup


Winter is soup time! Here is a simple hearty soup with a chicken and pork broth, cubes of soft tofu and some Chinese chive buds which have a garlickly lovely flavour.


Ingredients
200g lean pork shoulder, thinly sliced (marinate with 1 teaspoon fish sauce and some freshly ground pepper for 1 hour)
5 cups (1.25 litre) chicken stock
¼ teaspoon salt
¼  teaspoon sugar
1 tablespoon fish sauce
small bunch of Chinese chive buds (around 100g), tough ends trimmed and cut into 2 inch lengths
200g soft tofu, cut into cubes


Pork marinated with fish sauce and pepper
Chinese Chive Buds


Method
Combine the pork and chicken stock in a pot and bring to boil. Reduce the heat and skim the surface to remove the foam. Continue skimming until the foam ceases to rise. Simmer on low heat for about 10 minutes. 
Stir in the salt, sugar and 1 tablespoon fish sauce, and simmer for another 5 minutes. 
Turn the heat up to medium-high and add in tofu cubes and cook for 2 minutes, then add in the Chinese chive buds and wait for the soup to come to boil. Taste and check the seasoning, then remove from heat. 


Ladle into soup bowls.